Wireless Sensor Network Technologies in Precision Agriculture-A Survey

Agriculture is one of the main economic activities in India. Around 60% of the people are employed in agriculture. India has the world’s second-largest agricultural land. Over the years, the agricultural sector has seen substantial development, moving from ancient farming methods to contemporary and high-technology methods. Precision Agriculture (PA) is the management strategy that uses new technologies to increase crop yields and profitability by continuously monitoring, measuring and responding to various requirements of the farmer with the use of wireless sensor networks (WSN). Various wireless communication technologies are implemented in WSN such as Bluetooth, Wi- Fi, Zigbee, LoRa, LTE, and Sigfox, which are used for data transfer through the process of computing. This paper reviews the above-mentioned technologies and their use cases in PA. It also discusses edge and cloud computing with the use of wireless technologies in WSN for PA. The review of various wireless technologies in WSN with various use cases for PA carried out justify the importance of WSN as a essential tool for PA.