Monitoring of Mangrove Ecosystem Area for Coastal Region of Mumbai

Remote sensing is an important way to gather information about the Earth's surface and atmosphere. It has a wide application in environmental monitoring and scientific research. One of the data obtained from remote sensing are multispectral images. In this research paper, these multispectral images of the Mumbai coast's mangroves are examined. Mangroves are shrubs that grow in coastal regions and play an important role as they provide an infrastructure for habitation by holding the soil near water reducing high tides. By calculating the area of mangroves, we can identify the areas that may be at risk of degradation or loss. In remote sensing, observations can be obtained from multispectral images through vegetation indices. The vegetation index helps us to bifurcate greenery from other objects. The most useful vegetation index of all the other vegetation indices is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), as it is highly sensitive to changes in vegetation density and can detect vegetation dynamics over time. NDVI values are very useful for determining different objects such as crop fields, trees, residential areas, rocky areas, muddy areas, and watery areas. The Hue Saturation Value (HSV) color space is being used over the Red, Green, Blue (RGB) image, as this color space makes it easier to adjust color thresholds, filters, and other image processing operations. This paper describes the area detection of sparse mangroves through satellite images using the NDVI and HSV color spaces.