Survey and Design Concept for Control Centers of Automated Vehicle Fleets

Control centers for automated vehicle fleets (CC-AVFs) are pivotal in enabling autonomous driving at a large scale. This work conducts a holistic survey of CC-AVFs, focusing on European studies. It discusses operational concepts, requirements, architectures, transmission technologies, monitoring, and remote operation methods. Additionally, we present a design concept for CC-AVFs that structures the outlined topics and addresses dependencies. This paper connects the fragmented literature regarding CC-AVFs and gives design considerations to guide future research for efficient and safe CC-AVF implementation in contexts such as public transport.

I. Introduction

The scalability of autonomous driving (AD) depends on the labor required to supervise autonomous vehicles (AVs). In order to save human resources compared to driving with a safety driver, a single person has to be able to take care of multiple vehicles - in other words: to operate an automated vehicle fleet (AVF) [1].