Design and Characterization of a Gold Nanoparticle-based Plasmonic Biosensor

Nanotechnology has transformed biosensing, making it more powerful and precise. By using tiny materials like nanoparticles (NPs) and nanowires, biosensors can detect biological molecules with incredible accuracy. These nanoscale structures have large surface areas, which helps them capture and interact with target substances effectively. As a result, biosensors equipped with nanotechnology can provide faster, more accurate, and portable detection capabilities, benefitting fields such as healthcare, diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. Furthermore, nanotechnology-enabled biosensors offer improved sensitivity. The unique properties of nanomaterials, such as their high surface-to-volume ratio and tunable surface chemistry, enable precise control over the sensor’s performance and selectivity. In this paper, FDTD software is used to construct and simulate Gold nano-dimers. By adjusting the diameter of a gold(Au) NP, the opportunistic properties of Au NP, such as strong extinction and Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), are examined, altering the surrounding medium’s refractive index. Two NPs are coupled after studying the properties of single NP. Variations in the radius and the distance between the two NPs are made in order to analyse the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and the extinction cross spectrum. Furthermore, a texured substrate is designed. The results obtained from the textured surface to the plain one are compared. The results proves that the textured surface is better suited for biological sensing applications.