Design of Optimal Fuzzy Logic Controller for FCEVs via Big Bang-Big Crunch

Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are gaining popularity due to their zero-emission capability and longer driving ranges compared to other electric vehicle technologies. The existence of different energy sources in such systems requires an energy management system that ensures efficient and coordinated power delivery to meet driving demands while maximizing overall vehicle performance and range. This study proposes an energy management system for FCEVs based on Fuzzy Logic and the Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC) optimization algorithm. Since Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLCs) are designed based on expert knowledge, they often result in suboptimal solutions. For that, we propose fine-tuning the output membership functions via global optimization using BB-BC. The optimization is carried out to minimize a composite objective function encompassing some desired behavior such as minimizing hydrogen consumption and holding the battery State of Charge (SOC) around mid-value while delivering the required power.