A Systematic Review of Islanding Detection Approaches in Microgrids

This article discusses islanding detection strategies in microgrids in depth. Microgrids, which generate and distribute electricity locally, are critical for grid resilience and renewable energy integration. Unintended islanding, which occurs when a microgrid functions autonomously, poses operational and safety issues. As a result, accurate and quick islanding detection techniques (IDMs) are critical.The article investigates passive and active techniques to identifying islanding events. Active approaches apply disturbances and study system responses, whereas passive methods monitor parameters such as frequency and voltage variations. The ideas, implementation, and performance of various approaches are discussed in this article in comprehensive manner. Different approaches are evaluated using performance parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, false positives/negatives, detection time, and resilience against disturbances. The review also investigates the effect of system characteristics, communication delays, and distributed energy resource integration. Apart from the conventional islanding techniques the article discusses about modern & intelligent islanding techniques enabled with computational intelligence.This in-depth analysis is an excellent reference for experts interested in islanding detection in microgrids.