A Flexible Allocation of Distributed Energy Sources Coordinated with Network Switching and Capacitor Placement Under System Voltage-Dependent Loading

Sufficient reduction in energy loss of distribution networks is achievable through simultaneous network switching (NS), capacitor banks (CBs) placement, and the control of distributed energy sources (DESs), where the role of load power is so important in the process. Therefore, accurately modeling the load is essential in relation to the analyses because the load behavior of constantly varying loads with voltage magnitudes affects network losses and, subsequently, the optimal controls for NS, CBs, and DESs. Regarding the fact that load presentation in terms of constant current, impedance, and power components is practically important, this paper analyzes the relationship of load components and load types in order to predict more reliable coordinated NS, CB, and DES controls for losses reduction. The analysis is implemented on the 16-bus distribution network using the mathematical formulation of load components in terms of consumer type. The obtained results proved that the proposed framework is optimal for obtaining an accurate solution in a relatively short time as compared to exact models of NS, CB, and DES controls.