Configuration Ratio of Grid-Following/Forming Control for High-Penetration Renewable Energy Integrated System Containing Electric Vehicle

The charge-discharge between distributed generations and electric vehicles (EVs) will be an important component of the future development of EVs. In this paper, the optimal configuration ratio (CR) of grid-following/forming (GFL/GFM) control for high-penetration renewable energy integrated system containing EV is investigated: (1) The mathematical models for the grid-connected inverter and GFL/GFM control are elaborated, and five simulation cases with different CRs [CR: (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0%)] are simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC. (2) The optimal CR is obtained through the comparative analysis of simulation results of different CRs under load disturbance /single phase-to-ground fault/island operation mode with corresponding evaluation indicators.