Minimal Capacity Loss of Electric Vehicle Battery Under Combined Driving Cycles

Electric vehicles are considered a promising solution to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels in the transportation sector. One of the critical features of the electric vehicle is its range anxiety and short lifetime. Battery aging is one of the most crucial issues that tackling the embracement of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in markets. Therefore, developing accurate battery degradation models and investigating efficient control algorithms for lifetime prolongation have become essential for electromobility. This paper investigates the influence of different driving conditions on the accelerated degradation of EV batteries and evaluates the role of simplified eco-driving modes in mitigating the rate of capacity fade. To achieve this aim, a fully electric vehicle simulation model on the Matlab-Simulink platform is developed, and a battery aging model is proposed. Temperatures, state of charge, and C-rate are the variables considered in this aging model. The simulation model is conducted over different driving scenarios to investigate the influence of their load on the battery capacity loss. The simulation results put forward the harmful impact of combined driving conditions on the accelerated deterioration of battery lifetime by up to 90% for an exemplified case. Furthermore, implementing a balanced eco-driving mode can decrease the degradation rate by 5% with the minimum impact on drivability. The approach and strategy proposed are general and could be applied to any type of EV and other battery chemistry to estimate and extend battery lifetime.