Enhancing Human Action Recognition with Asymmetric Generalized Gaussian Mixture Model-Based Hidden Markov Models and Bounded Support

Human action recognition (HAR) is a crucial research field that necessitates the implementation of advanced mathematical concepts to recognize human activities from sequences of observations. This paper presents a novel framework employing a mixture-based Hidden Markov Model (HMM) that capitalizes on the advantages of asymmetric modeling, bounded support, and robustness in sensor-based HAR. To accommodate variations in observations within each human activity class, we propose an asymmetric generalized Gaussian mixture model (AGGM) to model the emission probabilities. Subsequently, we propose incorporating the bounded asymmetric generalized Gaussian mixture model (BAGGM) to address the constraints inherent in real-life data. The parameters of the corresponding HMM are estimated using the Baum-Welch algorithm, and the most probable sequence of hidden states is inferred using the Viterbi algorithm. We validate our proposed framework using four datasets for human activities. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms all state-of-the-art HAR models that are HMM-based, thereby emphasizing the superiority of our proposed frameworks in HAR systems to understand behaviours, predict potential actions, and facilitate sports applications for the general population and independent living applications for vulnerable populations.