I. Introduction
The growth in the number of vehicles occurs significantly every year. In Indonesia, Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency, the number of vehicles in Indonesia was 126,508 million in 2018. This number increased in 2019, with 133.617 million vehicles. The trend continued in 2020, with a recorded total of 136.137 million vehicles [1]. In addition, people tend to prefer using private vehicles rather than using public transportation, which indirectly increases the number of vehicles each year. Based on Figure 1, it can be seen that the number of vehicles continues to increase every year in each class. This number is predicted to continue to grow every year [2]. The habit of Indonesian citizens of using private vehicles more often than public transportation is considered as one of the main causes of the increasing number of vehicles on the road. The increase of vehicles on the road will lead to a new problem, such as traffic jams. [3].