Dual-Band Hexagonal Patch Antenna for Wireless and ISM Application

In this research, we introduce a hexagonal patch antenna with a hexagonal slot in the Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) feed configuration, specifically engineered for wireless and ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) band applications. The antenna, with dimensions of
$22 \times 24 \times 1.6 \text{mm}^{3}$
on an FR-4 substrate, demonstrates impressive performance characteristics. It exhibits excellent impedance matching, achieving a return loss below −15dB and a Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of less than 2. The antenna also attains a substantial gain exceeding 3dBi across the operating frequencies, with an efficiency of over 80%. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the antenna's radiation patterns. The research underscores the antenna's potential for dual-band operation within the ISM frequency range (2.5 GHz to 5.9 GHz) and its suitability for integration into wireless communication systems. This hexagonal patch antenna presents a compelling solution for a wide range of wireless applications, delivering strong performance, efficient operation, and dual-band capability.