A Portable 3D-Printed Dielectric Lens Antennas for Liquid-Mixture Characterization

The Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method is utilized in this research to present dielectric lens antennas that were 3D printed. The ultra-wideband (UWB) stub antenna’s antenna characteristic is intended to be improved by the 3D-printed dielectric lens antennas. The proportion of ethanol in the liquid mixture sample is categorized using the transmission-line measuring technique. The device-under-test (DUT) is placed between two 3D-printed dielectric lens antennas. The glass bottle is filled with a 100-ml liquid sample and covered with a plastic cap. The 3D EM Simulation CST Studio is used to optimize the 10 mm gap between the dielectric lens antennas and the DUT. Six concentrations of the ethanol/water mixture, such as empty, 60%, 65%, 70%, and 80%, are measured to examine the measurement system. The measurement outcomes indicate the various S21 (transmission coefficient) levels between 9 GHz and 11 GHz. According to the trend of the suggested system, the level of the transmission coefficient, S21, will change downward when the proportion of ethanol is increased. Several better advantages, such as a non-destructive method, non-contact measurement, and support with a real-time monitoring system, are provided by the transmission-line measuring methodology using 3D-printed dielectric lens antennas.