Ka-band array capable of 1-bit quantization and dual-polarization using unit cells with 4 PIN diodes

This paper presented the design of a low profile electrically reconfigurable antenna array at Ka-band based on the unit cell with 4 PIN diodes on one layer which produces 4 distinct operational states of dual linear polarization and 0°/180° phase-shifting capability for each polarized state. This unit cell reveals a bandwidth of 1 GHz at around 28 GHz and a gain of 3.8 dB in all states. Next, the proposed 4x4 array antenna allows for generating a low cross-polarization by applying the image configuration method and its 1-bit phase quantization. To demonstrate the concept, a 4x4 antenna array was designed and simulated. The full wave simulation result shows high cross-polarization discrimination greater than 35 dB for dual linear horizontal and vertical polarizations, and the gain of 14.5 dB.