Beamwidth Enhancement Resonator Antenna for Wide-Angle Scanning Phased Array

In the future, a large number of communication units will need to work in a complex environment of five dimensions: land, sea, air, space, and electromagnetism, which requires the antenna with beam scanning capability over a wide angular range. In this paper, a beamwidth enhancement resonator antenna for wide-angle scanning phase array is proposed. Based on the conventional narrow-beam patch antenna, a wide-beam antenna is constructed by adding a dielectric substrate and a dumbbell-type metamaterial above it. Placing dumbbell-type metamaterial around the dielectric substrate is used to build a dielectric resonator that can generate the desired field distribution. Finally, the superposition of different excitation sources produces a wide-beam radiation characteristic. The proposed antenna has a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of 150° and a maximum gain of 3.64 dB. Based on the proposed antenna, the
$1\times 16$
array antenna is designed with a spacing of
$0.45\lambda$
) which has a wide-angle 3dB scanning beam coverage of
$-72^{\circ}-+78^{\circ}$
.