Design Considerations for GaN-based Drive-train Inverters in Light Electric-Vehicles

Design of high efficiency and high power density drive-train inverters is needed for meeting design targets in 2-wheeler EV segment. Gallium-nitride (GaN)-based inverters offer improvements in both metrics. However, design considerations like voltage levels, operating frequency and thermal performance need to be studied in detail. This paper discusses the indispensable design considerations of device voltage rating, thermal management and operating switching frequency for GaN inverters. Results of a numerical simulation based comparative analysis show that the 150 V DC-link GaN inverter design offers the least losses at a 10 kW power rating, resulting in an estimated power density of 40 kW/L and reduction in cooling system size.