Kakuro Grid for Improving Photovoltaic Modules using Optimal Partial Shading

- This article introduces the Kakuro Grid, an innovative solution for enhancing the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules under partial shading conditions. To overcome the challenge of partial shading, a hybrid global maximum power tracking method is proposed, incorporating intelligent algorithms. These algorithms effectively detect and mitigate shading effects, enabling the PV system to operate at its maximum power point even in shaded conditions. The Kakuro Grid approach introduces a novel array configuration technique that optimizes module placement and dynamically reconfigures connections to minimize shading losses. Simulations and comparative analyses are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kakuro Grid approach, demonstrating its ability to enhance the energy conversion rate of partially shaded PV systems and improve power output. By maximizing the utilization of available sunlight, the Kakuro Grid significantly reduces the impact of shading and enhances overall system performance. In comparison, the Square Grid, Rectangle Grid, and Triangle Grid achieve power outputs of 132 W, 128 W, and 126 W, respectively, with varying energy losses. The Kakuro Grid's voltage distribution is 67.3% of open circuit voltage, and its current distribution is 11.4% of short circuit current. The temperature distribution at 25°C is 0.951 kW/m2.