Optimal Capacity Planning of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Considering Users’ Willingness to Participate in Orderly Charging

With the continuous expansion of electric vehicle (EV) user scale, the impacts of user charging behavior on distribution network operation and electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) capacity planning are becoming increasingly prominent. By evaluating the orderly charging willingness of EV users, the charging behaviors can be analyzed and predicted more accurately, so as to build EVCSs with more reasonable capacities. Therefore, based on the charging data of EV users, this paper establishes an assessment system for orderly charging willingness, the EV charging behavior model is also built on this basis, and then the optimal capacity planning model of charging stations considering EV users’ willingness to participate in orderly charging is obtained. The regular polygon approximation method is used to transform the proposed model into a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Finally, based on a real urban area with geo-distribution network coupling system, the comparative analysis and sensitivity analysis are performed for proposed planning method in this paper. The results show that this method can take into account the rationality of charging station capacity planning and the safety and economy of distribution network operation.