Performance Optimization for Information Sharing Process of BlockIoV Based on Multi-Objective Particle Swarm

Blockchain effectively solves the security problem in the information sharing process of Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, the additional information consensus process inevitably affects the information sharing performance of the Blockchain-based Internet of Vehicles (BlockIoV). In order to satisfies BlockIoV’s performance requirements such as transactions per second, latency, and block utilization, it is necessary to pay attention to the blockchain configuration. Since there exist conflicts among these performance requirements, increasing a single hand may cause other indicators to decrease. Therefore, the performance optimization problem for the information sharing process of BlockIoV can be regarded as a multiobjective optimization problem. In this regard, we propose a BlockIoV-oriented performance optimization method, namely BlockIoVOpt, which utilizes the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm to find the Pareto optimal blockchain configuration. Specifically, we construct the objective functions for each of the performance indicators and design the iterative evolution rules for particle swarms. To obtain the performance results of the objective function under a given blockchain configuration, we also designed a BlockIoV-oriented information sharing process simulator, BlockIoVPref. The experimental results show that: BlockIoVOpt can effectively find the Pareto optimal configuration of the blockchain in a given test scenario and effectively optimize the transactions per second, latency of transaction, and block utilization rate of BlockIoV. This study provides an essential reference for the design of blockchain configuration schemes in information sharing of BlockIoV.