Distributed Economic Dispatch of Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Mechanisms with Watermarking

This paper presents an consensus distributed algorithm that incorporates watermarking to address the economic dispatch (ED) problem in microgrid systems. The objective is to achieve a balanced power supply and demand at minimal cost. The proposed approach utilizes an event-triggered mechanism (ETM) to reduce communication overhead and optimize information transmission efficiency. Additionally, a watermarking technique is employed to ensure secure transmission of sensitive information, where each micro-generator includes a watermark generator and remover. The watermarking scheme is designed to obfuscate malicious eavesdropping while allowing neighboring nodes to receive information. Convergence of the proposed distributed algorithm based on consensus is established, demonstrating its effectiveness in solving the ED problem in microgrid systems. Experimental results using an IEEE 14–bus system are provided to validate the efficacy of the proposed consensus algorithm.