A Cyber-physical Model Based on Multi-agent and Controlled Hybrid Petri Net for Energy Routers

The energy router (ER) represents a prototypical cyber-physical system with intricate interactions among continuous energy flow, discrete information flow, and discrete state flow. However, the majority of current modeling approaches for the ER lack uniform representation of energy flow, information flow, and state flow. To address this issue, first, a multi-agent-based cyber model is established to describe the ER's behavior at the cyber layer. Then, we build a controlled hybrid Petri net-based physical model, which can reflect the ER's operational state at the physical layer, including both discrete internal state changes and continuous energy flow dynamics. To verify the proposed model, we construct a joint simulation platform, integrating the Java Agent Development Framework and MATLAB, and demonstrate its accuracy through energy management processes.