I. Introduction
IgA nephropathy is a prevalent kidney disease, particularly in Japan and East Asia. Its prevalence is 45%-58% in China, 47% in Japan, 28% in Korea, and 45% in Singapore, compared to 10%-35% in Europe [1]. In clinical nephrology, evaluation of histologic images obtained through renal biopsy is crucial for diagnosing and assessing the disease’s status [2]. Pathologists determine the etiology and progression of a patient’s disease by evaluating Whole Slide Image (WSI) of patient’s kidneys, including localizing and quantifying various renal histologies. Given the large number of patients with IgA nephritis and demanding analytical tasks of pathologists, it is necessary to introduce computer-aided analytical techniques to reduce pathologists’ burden and expedite the analytical process [3].