Travel Scenario Characteristics Effects on the Energy Consumption Deterioration of Electric Vehicles under Low Temperature

The deterioration of energy consumption under low temperature is a key issue that hinders the development of pure electric vehicles (PEVs) in cold regions, which travel scenario characteristics is one of the factors leading to the deterioration. This study compared travel characteristics of the actual road driving data in the commuting scenario and the operation scenario, then conducted the energy consumption testing in environmental simulating test chamber at -20°C through two methods which can faithfully reflect the scenario travel characteristics, Segmentation Cycle Method and Consecutive Cycle Method. The test results show that the energy consumption of the two scenarios at -20 °C decreases by 193% and 152% respectively compared with that at room temperature, 23°C, and the energy consumption of the commuting scenario is about 16.7% higher than that of the operation scenario. Long parking duration is the main manifestation of the travel characteristics of the commuting scenario. The primary reason of energy consumption deterioration is the repeated heating of the air conditioner, accounting for 10.2%. The research shows that the applicable test method is an important factor for accurate energy consumption, and the Segmentation Cycle Method proposed this study can provide effective reference for product performance evaluation.