Comparison of Collision Avoidance Logic between ACAS X and TCAS II in General Aviation Flight

The development of the aviation industry has brought new challenges and requirements for collision avoidance systems. From the initial Beacon Collision System (BCS) to the widely used Traffic Alert and Collision System (TACS), and soon-to-be extensively deployed Airborne Collision Avoidance System X (ACAS X), these systems have continuously evolved to become more robust, adapting to the specific needs of the aviation industry at the time. This paper focuses on the simulation and experimental analysis of different collision avoidance logic algorithms for TCAS II and ACAS X in general aviation flight scenarios. It elucidates that ACAS X is more suitable for low, small, and slow flying characteristics of general aviation flights, and can accommodate more surveillance data sources. This study provides valuable reference value for collision avoidance systems for general-purpose aircraft in low airspace.