Mobility-Based Wormhole Detection at V2V and RSU in VANETs

VANET has received increased attention in recent years due to its wide variety of applications for traffic management. However, identifying the best route remains a challenge in VANET due to its dynamic topology. Moreover, existing routing protocols are inefficient in providing security, leading to various routing attacks. Among these attacks, the wormhole attack is particularly severe. Currently, there are existing solutions that detect wormholes either through Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) or Road Side Unit (RSU)-based methods. In this paper, we propose a wormhole detection technique that utilizes mobility, the number of neighboring vehicles, and path analysis at both
$V2V$
and RSUs. In our result analysis, we compare the V2V-based solution with the RSU-based solution. Our results show that for fast detection of wormhole attacks, we require a wormhole detection mechanism at
$V2V$
. Conversely, to reduce false positives and negatives, we need a wormhole detection mechanism at RSUs.