The Non-Invasive HbA1c Measurement Device: A Narrative Review

HbA1c is used for long-term glycemic control monitoring and diabetes risk complications assessment. Traditionally, HbA1c measurements have been invasive, costly, and uncomfortable. The development of a non-invasive HbAlc measurement method holds promise in reducing discomfort and lowering the investment cost associated with the current testing instrument. This paper aims to review relevant literature to identify a suitable method for the upcoming research objectives, which involves providing accurate measurements through a non-invasive approach with the lowest possible cost. The paper begins by classifying fundamental approaches, acquisition technologies, and other factors that can inform further study. The direct approach and optical methods using multiple sources were selected for development, while correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were identified as the most feasible validation methods.