Security Mechanisms for R-GOOSE and R-SV Messaging Over a 5G Network

The evolution of power grid communication mechanisms is indispensable in a digitally inter-connected world. The IEC 61850-90-5 standard introduces R-GOOSE and R-SV messaging protocols, expanding communication capabilities from Local Area Networks (LAN) to Wide Area Networks (WAN). However, this transition exposes the systems to heightened cybersecurity risks. This text delves into the security mechanisms inherent in R-GOOSE and R-SV messaging over a 5G network, scrutinizing their effectiveness in mitigating emerging threats. Encryption and digital signatures are examined in detail, with their advantages and implementation intricacies dissected. Through rigorous testing, the impact of these security measures on message transmission efficiency is measured, revealing their temporal implications. This analysis underscores the imperative for robust security measures in substation communication protocols, especially as the intersection of virtual and physical domains amplifies the potential consequences of cyberattacks. In an era where reliable grid operation is synonymous with security, this study serves as a roadmap for bolstering power grid communication's resilience against an ever-expanding spectrum of cyber risks.