Optimal Sizing of Different BESS Technologies in Grid-Connected Hybrid Generation Power Plant

This paper presents a novel methodology for the optimal sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in grid-connected Hybrid Generation System (HGS). It includes a comparative analysis of different BESS technologies and utilizes a centralized dispatch approach to integrate wind and solar power sources. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) heuristic is employed to identify optimal solutions, using a curtailment possibility index as a reference. Climatological data from Areia Branca, Brazil, and load profiles from the Brazilian Northeast subsystem are leveraged to assess the impact of BESS integration into the grid. The study is conducted on a modified IEEE 14-bus test grid, resulting in the determination of the optimal capacity for various BESS technologies, specifically 30.25 MWh for Lithium-Ion, 78.85 MWh for Lead-Acid, and 49.75 MWh for Sodium-Ion-based BESS technologies. The results reveal a substantial reduction of up to 16% in fluctuations at the slack bus and up to a 13% decrease in curtailment possibilities.