Developing Virtual Laboratory Modules for Broadening Experiential Learning in Engineering Education

With the ongoing progress in pedagogical technologies, engineering educators are embracing digital platforms and interactive models to enhance students' learning experience in remote or in-person instructional settings. In this work-in-progress report, we explore virtual laboratory modules as a tool to connect engineering concepts to their practical applications. To this end, we introduce a new virtual laboratory platform with multiple characterization/testing modules that visually demonstrate the mechanical behavior of engineering materials. These modules include but are not limited to, Rockwell hardness measurement, Vickers/Knoop microhardness tests, and fatigue cycle analysis. To foster a student-centered environment, we developed a Python-based interface that enables users to choose an engineering material and test of their preference. After each test, the raw output data undergoes minor randomization while preserving the core data pattern, simulating the experience of conducting hands-on experiments in a physical setting. During hardness tests, users can observe the conversion between different hardness scales and their relationship with ultimate tensile strength. Furthermore, fatigue testing offers users a Python script that assesses cyclic loading parameters for the selected material, providing estimates for the endurance limit and cycles to failure. The virtual lab modules assist engineering students in designing mechanical components and appropriate material selection while applying deflection and strength-based analysis techniques. Using these modules, we incorporated interactive assignments into our materials science, solid mechanics, and design of machine elements classes. Initial findings suggest that virtual laboratories complement physical laboratories by their cost-effectiveness, ease of replication, and ability to meet the substantial demand from students. Moreover, the virtual environment empowers students to access experiments repeatedly and at their own pace outside the conventional classroom setting. In conjunction with hands-on experience in physical laboratories, our approach aims to promote engineering education that combines digital platforms with experiential learning.