The Concept of Energy Generation by Solar Panel and Pico Hydro in Household Application

In its 2014 national energy policy, the Indonesian government established a 23% renewable energy utilization target by 2025, rising to 31% by 2050. Solar energy has the most prominent renewable energy in Indonesia, with a total energy output capacity of up to 207 GW. Hence, everyone can actively contribute to the household-scale electrical energy generated by installing solar panels whose output can be utilized for daily electricity needs. This research discusses the concept of hybrid solar energy and pico hydro to generate electricity through aquaponic urban farming. The aquaponics system consists of hydroponics for vegetables and fishponds. The PV system output powers the pump in the hydroponic system, and the waterfall from hydroponic is for pico hydro. In this study, an experimental test-bed of an aquaponic system was built and tested for two days. Even though solar irradiance significantly impacts PV system energy generation, the results show that the highest voltage generated by the PV system is 40.2 V. Meanwhile, the battery's average charge voltage is 13,025 V. The generator's average voltage is 9,785 V, enough to light a bulb. Given that the experimental system in this study is small, the power generated by water turbines and generators is adequate. As a result, this research offers much room for advancement in the fishing and agriculture industries.