A Source of High-Power Ultra-Wideband Pulses with a Hybrid Antenna and Controlled Polarization

The results of studying the source of ultrawideband pulses are presented. The source consists of a gas-discharge generator of monopolar pulses, four bipolar pulse formers with a duration of 0.5 ns and a hybrid antenna - a
$2\times 2$
array of combined antennas at the focus of the offset reflector. By changing the pressure in the spark gap of the bipolar pulse formers, the pulse appearance time is controlled within 150 ps at an amplitude of 65–70 kV in a 50 Ohm coaxial feeder. Synchronous excitation of mutually perpendicular antenna elements allows to obtain linear polarization of radiation with the product of the distance
$R$
and peak field strength
$E_{p}$
equal to
$E_{p}R=400\ \text{kV}$
. If the pulses are shifted by 1/4 of the pulse duration, then the vector of electric field strength rotates in the plane of the wave front with the ratio of the minor and major axes of the circumscribed ellipse up to 0.75 and
$E_{p}R=280\ \text{kV}$
. The results of research of the recorded waveforms of the emitted pulses are presented.