IoT-Based on Smart Stick Using Ultrasonic Sensors to Help the Visually Impaired

Blindness is a condition in which a person's vision is impaired; this can affect people to the extent that they still have some vision (referred to as low vision) or those who are no longer able to see at all (total blind). Due to the reduced function of the sense of sight, blind people have to rely more on other sensory functions, such as touch, smell, and hearing, to carry out daily activities. An automatic wand designed for visually impaired people to identify obstacles, stones, and obstructions on the right and left sides has been developed and implemented for the purpose of this study. In the process of building the system with the NodeMCU ESP32 acting as the controller, three ultrasonic proximity sensors were used to measure the user's distance and position in relation to obstructions, rocks and other obstructions. In addition, the speaker functions as a sound marker in the form of sound when detecting an object, and the vibrator motor as a marker for the LM35 sensor if it detects the temperature scale. These two markers are activated when the sensor detects an object. According to the findings of comprehensive tool testing, this blind stick has the potential to perform well; specifically, it has the ability to automatically identify obstacles. IoT - Based on Smart Sticks Using Ultrasonic Sensors to Help the Blind which can detect obstacles equipped with Gps which makes it easier for blind families to find out the location or whereabouts of the blind when doing daily activities is one way to help and reduce the worries of families who have visual impairments.

I. Introduction

Advances in science and technology have encouraged humans to try to overcome all the problems that arise around them and facilitate existing work, even many studies that provide solutions for people with disabilities, especially eye disabilities. Eyes are one of the most important senses, but not everyone has perfect eyes to be able to enjoy all of God's creations in this world.