Calculation of the maximum transmit power of the fractional order equivalent circuit for lithium-ion batteries

Achieving maximum power transmission is of great significance in reducing power losses. In actual electric vehicle condition, due to the influence of the internal electrochemical kinetics and thermodynamics of the power batteries, lithium-ion batteries usually do not achieve the maximum power transmission under ideal conditions. In this paper, an improved fractional-order particle swarm optimization algorithm with a linear differential decline strategy (IFPSO) is proposed to identify the model parameters. The chaotic mapping is used to improve the diversity of the population and the jump-out strategy is designed to overcome particles stagnation situations. According to the obtained identification result, the maximum transmission power of three kinds of fractional order equivalent circuit models (FOECM) of a lithium-ion batteries is presented based on the maximum power transmission theorem.