Experimental Study of Non-Contact Detection of Vital Signs Using IR-UWB Radar

The Impulse Radio Ultra-Wideband (IR-UWB) radar technology exhibits immense potential for non-contact sensing applications, particularly in the detection of human vital signs such as heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR), as well as in the determination of an individual's range. The present study introduces a methodology for identifying the respiration frequency and range of stationary standing still individuals. The study proposes coherent background subtraction followed by the Butterworth bandpass filter as a preprocessing technique and the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is employed as a processing technique for the purpose of ascertaining the human RR within the frequency domain. The methodology under consideration was assessed utilizing a P440 (IR-UWB) radar for the purpose of data acquisition, and MATLAB software was employed for both preprocessing and processing the reflected raw signals. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is efficacious in precisely identifying the respiratory rate of multiple stationary-standing individuals.