$\text{IED}_{\text{PUF}}$ Probe: A PUF-Based Hardware Fingerprint Extraction Equipment for IEDs

Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) are vital components in modern electrical substations, collectively responsible for monitoring electrical parameters and performing protective functions. As a result, ensuring the integrity of IEDs is an essential criteria. While standards like IEC 61850 and IEC 60870-5-104 establish cyber-security protocols for secure information exchange in IED-based power systems, the physical integrity of IEDs is often overlooked, leading to a rise in counterfeit and tainted electronic products. This paper proposes a physical unclonable function (PUF)-based device (
$\mathbf{IED}_{\mathbf{PUF}}$
probe) capable of extracting unique hardware signatures from commercial IEDs. These signatures can serve as identifiers, facilitating the authentication and protection of IEDs against counterfeiting. The paper presents the complete hardware architecture of the
$\mathbf{IED}_{\mathbf{PUF}}$
probe, along with algorithms for signature extraction and authentication. A two-way authentication technique is employed to ensure that only verified requests are granted access for signature extraction. The limited results demonstrate its ability to provide real-time responses possessing randomness while uniquely identifying the IED under investigation. The proposed
$\mathbf{IED}_{\mathbf{PUF}}$
probe offers a simple, cost-effective, accurate solution with minimal storage requirements, enhancing the authenticity and integrity of IEDs.