Development of a Smart Aquaponic System Based on IoT

Aquaponics is a sustainable farming practice that combines aquaculture and hydroponics in a recirculating system. The nutrients from the fish waste are used by the plants to grow, and the plants filter the water for the fish. This process is self-sustaining and requires little human intervention. Monitoring and controlling aquaponic systems is a complex task. In this paper, the Internet of Things (IoT) is used to monitor and control the system. In addition, a digital twin (DT) is deployed to digitize physical systems. The findings demonstrate that IoT and DT can improve aquaponic systems by collecting data about environmental conditions such as light levels, humidity, and temperature, which is used to regulate plant growth, monitor fish health, optimize crop production, and optimize nutrient recycling.