IoT Based Underground Cable Fault Detector

This system proposed in this paper aims to utilize advanced microcontrollers to detect short-circuit faults in underground cables. Underground cable systems are commonly used in urban areas for electricity distribution networks. However, when a fault occurs, repairing the particular cable can be challenging due to the lack of knowledge about the exact type of fault. The proposed system can accurately identify faults in underground cables. Although underground cables have several benefits, such as increased safety during harsh weather and being less prone to damage from storms or lightning, they also have disadvantages, including higher costs compared to overhead lines for shorter distances, reduced power switching capability, and increased susceptibility to permanent damage following a flash-over. Faults in underground cables can be classified into two categories: incipient faults and permanent faults. Electric cables often experience incipient faults due to the natural aging process, which leads to localized deterioration in insulation. These faults may be caused by a combination of factors such as electric overstress, mechanical wear and tear, unfavorable environmental conditions, and exposure to chemical pollutants. Unfortunately, once insulation damage occurs, it is often irreparable and irreversible. In the following subsections, we provide a review, summary, and comparison of the various strategies presented in the proceedings.