Non-Invasive Blood Sugar Measurement System

Diabetes results from insufficient insulin production, increasing the risk of various health issues when not well-controlled. Managing it can be invasive and uncomfortable, often requiring blood samples or subdermal device implantation. The search of people with diabetes for a device that is easy to use, painless, requires less expense, and provides continuous monitoring has led researchers to find a way to measure glucose in a non-invasive way, which is why the project focuses on the development of a non-invasive glucometer using different infrared wavelengths. The system consists of implementing an optical sensor to detect photoplethysmography signals with a wavelength of 830nm, which is processed by an ESP32 microcontroller, determining the glucose absorbance to subsequently predict the glucose value in the patient’s blood through equations set forth for different absorbance ranges. In addition, the results are shown on the system screen after 60 seconds of entering the finger. The tests were developed in 29 volunteers, and a blood sample was extracted for a laboratory test to determine glucose. Later, the system was analyzed under the ISO 15197 standard that allows quantifying the measurement precision of the glucose level using the Clarke error grid locating all the glucose values obtained in section A, which makes the system clinically acceptable.