Harris Hawks optimization Algorithm for optimization of Rectangular Patch Antennas

This article presents the application of Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm in optimization of a rectangular patch antenna. HHO is an optimization algorithm based on hunting behavior of Harris hawks and has demonstrated great potential in solving complex optimization problems. We applied HHO algorithm by adjusting the antenna design parameters, such as dimensions and location of slots in the patch, to maximize its gain at a specific resonance frequency of 2.4 GHz. Results show that HHO algorithm has successfully found an optimal solution for rectangular patch antenna according to proposed fitness function, with improved gain and bandwidth compared to original antenna. Experiment demonstrates that HHO is a suitable tool for optimizing rectangular patch antennas.