Analysis of Shortest Routing and Waiting Time of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been growing in popularity as transportation due to the rapid advancement of EV technology and their low carbon emissions and reduced noise pollution. In spite of the fact that it requires frequent and prolonged charging needs, the EVs are having their own advantages. The EVs require more charging time and waiting time at the charging station. As well as finding the nearest charging station, during long travel, is a crucial task. By selecting the proper charging station, the overall waiting time including the charging time can be reduced. Considering these facts, the work presented in this paper proposes to design algorithms to find a nearest charging station along with optimal route to reach the charging station Three algorithms, using the Dijikstra’s algorithm, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, are designed for this study. The proposed algorithms could find efficient charging scheduling for EVs, considering the traffic condition, battery's remaining energy, and the length of the queue at charging stations. The performance comparison of the proposed algorithms revealed that the PSO based algorithm could outperform other two algorithms in terms of distance and time metrics.