A Comparative Analysis and Design Criteria of MAC, SMAC, and TMAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network

This paper offers an overview of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and how they might be used in surveillance systems. With the help of WSNs, sensors may connect to one another and establish networks, enabling intelligent interactions with the physical world. In particular, the article addresses the need to solve energy efficiency issues while taking quality of service (QoS) and latency requirements into consideration. The research also emphasizes the need of energy-aware protocols in WSNs, especially for surveillance applications. The authors provide an overview of MAC protocols used in surveillance applications, looking at their presumptions, energy waste factors, and various protocols' efficacy. They go over many forms of communication, such as broadcast, converging cast, local gossip, and multicast, and they evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of MAC protocols, such as S-MAC, T-MAC, TRAMA, SIFT, and DSMAC. Collision avoidance, fair channel access, energy efficiency, support for quality of service, scalability, and adaptation to network dynamics are just a few of the characteristics of a well-defined MAC protocol that are covered. The paper also examines the uses of MAC protocols in WSNs, including asset tracking, home automation, environmental sensing, smart cities, precision agriculture, traffic monitoring, healthcare monitoring, intrusion detection systems, and environmental monitoring. An overview of the benefits and drawbacks of MAC protocols is presented in a comparison table at the end. According to the paper’s conclusion, there is no standardized MAC protocol for sensor networks because the option depends on the particular application and its specifications. Researchers working on energy-aware procedures in WSNs, particularly in surveillance, are intended to benefit from the findings of this paper.