Design and Optimization of X-Band Microstrip Array Antenna Using Both-Sided Microwave Integrated Circuit (MIC) for Gain Enhancement

This paper presents a
$2\times 2$
microstrip patch array antenna for X-band frequency gain enhancement employing both-sided MIC. A feed network is designed and simulated for proper isolation and matching of the antenna. To feed four patches, a microstrip line is split into two to separate the input signals and links with a slot line via a microstrip-slot line branch, and each slot signal is then split into two by a slot-microstrip branch. The designed feed network enables equitable signal distribution, resulting in a high gain, highly directed beam in the broadside direction. The highest gain of the antenna array is 13.42 dBi, with a return loss of −45 dB. At
$\theta=0^{0}$
, the antenna has a broadside gain of 25.02 dB. And the antenna has a gain of 12.59 dBi at resonance frequency 10 GHz.