Monopulse Chaparral Choke Antenna Design and Implementation for Satellite Communication Systems

Satellite communication systems consist of three main components: the ground segment, space segment, and control segment. Satellites are classified based on their distances from the Earth, and this classification is referred to as Geostationary Earth Orbits (GEO), Medium Earth Orbits (MEO), and Low Earth Orbits (LEO) [1]. LEO satellites are satellites that orbit at low altitudes, typically between 160 and 2000 km. They have gained increasing popularity in recent years and continue to grow in popularity [2]. The Chaparral choke horn is a type of feed horn used in Leo satellite communication systems. It is a specific design of a feed horn that provides high gain and low sidelobe levels for satellite antennas. The choke horn design helps to suppress unwanted radiation and reduce interference, resulting in improved signal quality and performance [3]. With a monopulse coupler structure, the signal incoming to the feed antenna can propagate in multiple modes within the waveguide. These modes arise depending on the dimensions of the waveguide [4].