Comparative Analysis of Monolith, Microservice API Gateway and Microservice Federated Gateway on Web-based application using GraphQL API

The purpose of this research is to provide a detailed explanation regarding the characteristics as well as the pros and cons offered by various software development architecture, such as monolithic and Microservice architecture implemented with graph-based API called GraphQL. Monolithic architecture offers a centralized software development pattern with relatively simpler integration and development process. Conversely, Microservices architecture such as Gateway Aggregation and Federated Gateway will divide independent components of the application into smaller modules. Gateway Aggregation utilizes a single Gateway which acts as the main entry point for data exchange between the client and the application. In this research aims an application is developed using the three different architectures to measure the quality, both qualitative and quantitative performances of each architecture. There are several different parameters that are going to be used to measure the architecture’s performance such as response time and data throughput which become an essential criterion in conducting load and stress testing. The result is that the Monolithic architecture offers some advantages in its quantitative performance measurement due to better efficiency in collecting and processing requested data in a single application which utilizes fewer resources and shorter time. In contrast, the Gateway Aggregation architecture and Federated Gateway architecture also have some significant performance differences because it costs resources to combine several subgraphs together into a valid graph.