Topologies, Control, and Future Prospects of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems

Renewable energy resources (RES) are acquiring popularity in many industrial applications due to their non-depletion and clean qualities. Despite their numerous advantages, RES faces a number of challenges, such us their intermittent nature. To address this issue, the storage of energy produced by RES appears to be a promising solution. The energy and power densities of various types of energy storage systems (ESS) varies, with high energy density and high power density being the most common. However, none of these two forms of energy storage can fulfil all of the dynamic responsiveness, energy density, and power density criteria of integrated energy systems (IRSs) on their own. This work emphasizes the integration of HESS in IRSs and provides an overview of several employed topologies that include combinations of various energy storage technologies such as batteries, super capacitors, flywheels, and hydrogen-based storage. Furthermore, the control associated with each HESS presented topology is extensively discussed. This document is a useful resource for researchers wishing to gain an in-depth understanding of hybrid storage systems in IRSs.