Noise Temperature Calibration System for the WR-5 Band

A WR-5 (140 GHz to 220 GHz) noise temperature calibration system has been developed using a total-power type radiometer for comparison measurements of the noise power spectral density. The system utilizes the Y factor method and two standard thermal noise sources to trace the noise power spectral density within the WR-5 frequency band to the thermodynamic temperature. The measurement range for noise temperature is between 300 K and 20,000 K with an uncertainty of better than 5% (k=2). To evaluate the measurement capability of the system, a reference variable temperature noise source was developed using 3D printing technology.