The Energy-Balanced Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) face a significant challenge due to the limited energy resources of individual sensor nodes, which shortens the network's longevity. This study provides a Layered Routing Algorithm (LRA) for establishing energy balance among sensor nodes in WSNs, which is an efficient solution to the problem. LRA employs a layered design with dynamic aggregation to prevent abrupt decreases in network strength in some areas and to ensure consistent data collection. Extensive simulations demonstrate that in terms of energy balance, LRA outperforms conventional routing algorithms. Evaluation criteria such as residual energy, average consumption, and energy variation validate the effectiveness of LRA in prolonging network life and preserving energy efficiency. The results of this study emphasize the significance of energy balancing in WSNs and the potential of LRA to address this issue. LRA facilitates the widespread adoption of WSNs by increasing network reliability and productivity and outperforming EPEGASIS and HOHDST.