Problem of Electromagnetic Compatibility between 4G/5G Mobile Communications and Railway Signaling/Telecommunication Equipment

A system-level analysis of EMC between the equipment of 4G/5G mobile communications and railway equipment is performed by using the standardized criteria for the immunity of railway signaling and telecommunication equipment to radio-frequency electromagnetic exposure through enclosure ports. Both a statistical approach based on the analysis of the conditional average level of the electromagnetic background created by 4G/5G base stations and the worst-case assessment of the required spacing of 4G/5G equipment and railway equipment, which ensures their EMC, were used. The results of the analysis show a significant potential danger of radiations of 4G/5G base stations and user's equipment for this railway equipment; underestimation of this danger is fraught with catastrophic consequences. Possible ways to eliminate the risk of disrupting the operation of railway signaling and telecommunication equipment in a complex electromagnetic environment created by 4G/5G systems are discussed.