PSO Pretrained ADP Based Control Scheme for Energy Storage System

The ADP-based controller is optimized using the PSO method so that it can respond appropriately to the changing dynamics of the system. The PSO-pre trained ADP-based control system is evaluated against the “Proportional-Integral (PI)” and “Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC)” strategies in terms of performance. The simulation results show that the PSO-pretrained ADP-based control scheme has the best tracking error, settling time, and steady-state error compared to the other control schemes. In terms of real-world applications, the suggested control approach may help save costs, increase efficiency, and facilitate the incorporation of renewable energy sources into existing power grids. Additional work might investigate the possibility of integrating PSO with other optimization methods to create more sophisticated and efficient control strategies for ESSs.