PID-YOLOX: An X-Ray Prohibited Items Detector Based on YOLOX

X-ray prohibited items detection is an effective and crucial measure in various security inspection scenarios. However, the overlapping phenomenon in X-ray images exacerbates the foreground-background class imbalance, and the imaging principle of X-ray images results in missing texture features. To address these challenges, we propose an end-to-end X-ray Prohibited Items Detector (PID-YOLOX) based on YOLOX-Tiny, which offers fast detection speed and high accuracy. Specifically, we introduce the Generalized Label Assignment (GLA) scheme to tackle the foreground-background class imbalance problem, and the Multi-Cardinality Attention (MCA) mechanism to alleviate the issue of missing texture features. Our experimental results show that PID-YOLOX achieves 54.9% average precision (AP) on the PIXray dataset, surpassing YOLOX-Tiny by 2.2% AP. Furthermore, extensive experiments demonstrate that PID-YOLOX is superior to the state-of-the-art methods, indicating its potential applications in the prohibited items detection field.